saxitoxin wrote:Dukasaur wrote:The Salem witch trials occurred precisely because the Puritans who controlled the government were at odds with the people, who were learning dangerous concepts like singing and dancing from their black slaves.
#FakeNews
Between 1675 and 1705 there were between 200 to 500 slaves in Massachusetts, almost all of whom were domestic servants in Boston. The population of Massachusetts in 1690 was about 50,000 (
https://web.viu.ca/davies/h320/population.colonies.htm). In other words, less than 1% of the population were slaves and it's unlikely there were more than single digits (and potentially that single digit is zero) of slaves in a rural community like Salem.
Single digits are all that was needed.
The first three people arrested for witchcraft were Sarah Good (a vagrant, then as now a prime target for any random false charge), Sarah Osborne (married to a former slave) and Tituba (a slave). Tituba was tortured into a confession and the other two were basically convicted because they had been seen with Tituba. They had their own weak points but Tituba's confession was the key. After that the train rolled on an many others were arrested, but successfully getting those first three convictions was essential to Parris.
John Indian was also a slave, and used by the prosecution as a material witness. So, yeah, single digits were all that was needed.
I'll grant you one small point. When I read that Sarah Osborne was married to a former slave, I assumed he was black, and that's not true. Turns out he was Irish, which I suppose in Massachusetts society of the time was pretty much the same thing.
saxitoxin wrote:Dukasaur wrote:You live in a society where almost a third of the country barely scrapes by on minimum wage jobs
#FakeNews
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2.1% of hourly workers are paid at or below the minimum wage (
https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimu ... f/home.pdf). The BLS also reports 60% of the workforce are hourly workers. In other words, 1.25% of the country has minimum wage jobs, which is rather different from 33%.
Your playing of numbers games is pretty boring and predictable.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4One organization estimated that in 2015, 13.5% of Americans (43.1 million) lived in poverty.[3] Yet other scholars underscore the number of people in the United States living in "near-poverty," putting the number at around 100 million, or nearly a third of the U.S. population.[4] Starting in the 1930s, relative poverty rates have consistently exceeded those of other wealthy nations.
Whether those people in "near-poverty" actually make the official minimum wage, or whether they make 12 cents more than the minimum so that you can loophole them out of your count is pretty irrelevant. What is relevant is that they work, often at multiple jobs, and yet don't earn enough to produce a decent standard of living.
The guy working for the minimum wage in Germany will still be able to send his kids to university. (Public university has free tuition. Private universities max out around $24,000/year). The guy working for minimum wage in the U.S. will not. (Average tuition even at bottom-tier state universities is $11,000. Average at private universities is $36,000, and the upper limit can approach six digits.)
When the guy working for the minimum wage in Germany gets sick, he is guaranteed six weeks of sick leave at full pay. The guy working for minimum wage in the U.S. is guaranteed nothing.
When he does need medical attention, the guy working for the minimum wage knows that all of his care is covered by the state insurance. The guy working for the minimum wage in the U.S. will find that although he has been paying for insurance and thinks he's covered, a lot of the procedures he needs will in fact not be covered and at his income level will almost certainly be crushingly burdensome.
https://abcnews.go.com/Health/surprise-medical-bills-rise-study/story?id=64974332 Dr. Eric Sun, lead author of the study and assistant professor of anesthesiology, pain medicine and health research and policy at Stanford University, and his colleagues used a national database to look at surprise billing from 2010 to 2016, all from one large commercial insurer.
"We looked at situations where people were admitted to an emergency room – where people have less choice of health care provider," Dr. Sun told ABC News. "We also looked at care within in-network hospitals – where receiving a bill would be a surprise because it should be covered by insurance."
If you visited the emergency department in 2010, there was a 32% likelihood you would receive a surprise medical bill. But in 2016, Sun and his team found it rose to just under 43%.
But it's not only that they are becoming more common -- they're becoming more expensive, too. The average cost rose from $220 to $628, the study found.
The situation is just as bad for inpatients. Twenty-six percent received a surprise medical bill in 2010, but 42% received one in 2016. The cost situation was even worse, rising from $804 to $2,040.
These surprise bills come from a variety of sources, but primarily it has to do with insurance coverage, according to the researchers.
"Whenever you get hospital care, the decision to participate in insurance is made independently by every doctor you see," Sun told ABC News.
"If you see an in-network doctor, they agree to an amount that the insurance company pays, but an out-of-network doctor doesn't like that agreement and so they bill more," he said. "That comes as a surprise medical bill, and [it] can even happen at in-network hospitals."
The guy working for the minimum wage in Germany has access to an advanced public transit network and doesn't need a car. His counterpart in the U.S., unless he lives someplace like New York City or San Francisco, almost certainly lives in a place where public transit ranges somewhere between "atrociously bad" and "nonexistent", and needs to maintain a car to get to work. (
Average cost over $9,000/year) That's another massive drag on his ability to actually have any disposable income.